Welcome to the Indus River Valley!
History
• From 2300 BC to 1700 BC, The Harappan Civilization thrives on the Indus River
• The Aryan Migration moves to India in 2000 BC
• The Mauryan Empire is created and Candragupta Maurya unites India in 320 BC
• Candragupta Maurya turns into a Janist in the year 301 BC
• In 270 BC, Asoka takes control of the Mauryan Empire
• Asoka dies in 233 BC
• In 184 BC, the Mauryan Empire collapses and India remains divided until 320 AD
• In Gupta Empire takes over and unites India in 320 AD
• In 400 AD, the Huns invade
• In 500 AD, the Gupta Empire ended and India returns to divided states
• From 2300 BC to 1700 BC, The Harappan Civilization thrives on the Indus River
• The Aryan Migration moves to India in 2000 BC
• The Mauryan Empire is created and Candragupta Maurya unites India in 320 BC
• Candragupta Maurya turns into a Janist in the year 301 BC
• In 270 BC, Asoka takes control of the Mauryan Empire
• Asoka dies in 233 BC
• In 184 BC, the Mauryan Empire collapses and India remains divided until 320 AD
• In Gupta Empire takes over and unites India in 320 AD
• In 400 AD, the Huns invade
• In 500 AD, the Gupta Empire ended and India returns to divided states
Geography
• The Indus River is in the center of the civilizations
• Fertile soil is great for farming because of the river flooding
• Protected by desert in the east, the Himalayas in the north and the east, hills in the south, the Narmada and the Ganges rivers in the south and east, and more mountains in the west
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• The Indus River is in the center of the civilizations
• Fertile soil is great for farming because of the river flooding
• Protected by desert in the east, the Himalayas in the north and the east, hills in the south, the Narmada and the Ganges rivers in the south and east, and more mountains in the west
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Economy
• Trade was entirely important
• Traded within the civilization along with trading outside of the area
• Agriculture was important too
• They created an irrigation system to help water the crops
• They paid taxes in crops
• Trade was entirely important
• Traded within the civilization along with trading outside of the area
• Agriculture was important too
• They created an irrigation system to help water the crops
• They paid taxes in crops
Social Structure
• There was no central ruler for the Aryan Migration
• Usually a skilled warrior protected each community called a raja
• The rajas constantly fought each other along with outsiders
• The Harrapans probably had an upper class
• They had four main classes, Brahmins (the king and the priests), Kshatriyas (warriors and aristocrats), Vaisyas (skilled traders, merchants, and minor officials), Sudras (unskilled workers), and Pariah/Harijans (outcasts)
• There was no central ruler for the Aryan Migration
• Usually a skilled warrior protected each community called a raja
• The rajas constantly fought each other along with outsiders
• The Harrapans probably had an upper class
• They had four main classes, Brahmins (the king and the priests), Kshatriyas (warriors and aristocrats), Vaisyas (skilled traders, merchants, and minor officials), Sudras (unskilled workers), and Pariah/Harijans (outcasts)
Government
• The Aryans didn't have a single ruler to keep them together, but separate rulers that protected the community
• The Harrapans had their government based on Hinduism
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• The Aryans didn't have a single ruler to keep them together, but separate rulers that protected the community
• The Harrapans had their government based on Hinduism
• NEED MORE NEED MORE NEED MORE
Beliefs/Religion
• The religion Hinduism has many gods and believes that there is life and reincarnation, or rebirth
• Hindus believe that men and women can gain salvation and that they should practice ahimsa, or nonviolence
•Janists also believe in ahimsa and don't believe in sacrifice
• Buddhism is a single god religion, the Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama)
• Brahmanism is an Aryan religion and requires a great deal of sacred hymns and poems (AKA Vedas)
• The religion Hinduism has many gods and believes that there is life and reincarnation, or rebirth
• Hindus believe that men and women can gain salvation and that they should practice ahimsa, or nonviolence
•Janists also believe in ahimsa and don't believe in sacrifice
• Buddhism is a single god religion, the Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama)
• Brahmanism is an Aryan religion and requires a great deal of sacred hymns and poems (AKA Vedas)
Advancements/Achievements
• The Harappan achieved indoor pluming and a extensive sewer system
• Cities were very well planed out with brick streets crossing at right angels
• Pottery, vessels, jewelry, and ivory objects were also beautifully designed
• Advancements in metallurgy, or metalworking, were made; the Gupta even created alloys
• They were the masters at creating the Hindu-Arabic Numerals, the very numbers that we use today
• They invented inoculations, injecting a person with a small dose of a virus to build defenses against that disease, a practice still in use today
• The Gupta Empire correctly hypothosized that the sun was the center of the solar system and that the planets revolved around the sun
• The Harappan achieved indoor pluming and a extensive sewer system
• Cities were very well planed out with brick streets crossing at right angels
• Pottery, vessels, jewelry, and ivory objects were also beautifully designed
• Advancements in metallurgy, or metalworking, were made; the Gupta even created alloys
• They were the masters at creating the Hindu-Arabic Numerals, the very numbers that we use today
• They invented inoculations, injecting a person with a small dose of a virus to build defenses against that disease, a practice still in use today
• The Gupta Empire correctly hypothosized that the sun was the center of the solar system and that the planets revolved around the sun
Architecture
• The Gupta created two roomed, domed roof temples
• The Harappans had two story buildings with flat roof ad displayed shops on the roof as well
• Inbetween the houses, brick streets cross at 90 degrees
• A huge fortress surrounds the city to protect it from invasion
• The Gupta created two roomed, domed roof temples
• The Harappans had two story buildings with flat roof ad displayed shops on the roof as well
• Inbetween the houses, brick streets cross at 90 degrees
• A huge fortress surrounds the city to protect it from invasion